[Congenial insensitivity to pain with anhydroses [CIPA]: a case report]

Introduction: Autonomic neuropathy is a rare disorder inherited as insensitivity to pain and temperature. It has been divided into five groups, the fourth of which named congenital insensitivity to pain with anhydrosis, [CIPA] is the most common type of this disorder. CIPA is a recessive inherited condition with courses of idiopathic fever, reduction of sweat glands secretion despite having normal glands, insensitivity to pain and temperature changes, and mild mental retardation. Oral symptoms due to their severe abuse in these patients are considerable. Gas shock tongue, lips and other oral mucosa have been reported

Case Report: Examination of a 15 month old boy revealed severe oral ulcers and burns in the fingers of both hands due to contact with the heater. Pathological studies and special attention to specific aspects of the patient revelead that he was insensitive to pain and thermal stimulation and was diagnosed as a possible case of CIPA

Conclusion: CIPA is a autosomal recessive disorder which is very rare in childhood, as insensitivity to pain or the incidence of abuse and lack of objective response to pain in people with peripheral and central nervous system are normal. Tyrosine gene defect related to gene code provided membrane tyrosine has been identified in these patients. Mutation in this gene results in insensitivity to pain, anhydrosis, self abuse, and mental retardation and is associated with cancer. More than half of the patients die before the age of three. Oral manifestations of this syndrome are the characteristics of the disorder and can help to make an early diagnosis

[Mercury concentration in unstimulated whole saliva in high school students in Tehran]

Mercury is a natural-occurring metallic substance. There are quantities of mercury found in air, water, soil, and all living matters. It is considered as one of the harmful metals to human being. Study of normal mercury content in human internal organs, blood, urine and saliva can be useful in assessing the level of environmental exposure. Such information may be useful and contributes to medico-legal expert opinions. The present study was conducted to determine the un-stimulated whole saliva mercury content in high school students in Tehran. This cross sectional study recruited 130 volunteer high school students [65 male, 65 female]. They were selected randomly from 5 different geographical sites in Tehran. All examinations conducted in this study were undertaken during the day from 9AM to 12PM, at least 2 hours after last intake of food and drink. By using spilling method, about 5CC of saliva was collected in a specially prepared test tube. Mercury was measured by Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry [CVAAS]. SPSS software and Man-Whitney U test were used for data analysis. The average student age was 16.5 and the average saliva mercury concentration was 0.17 micro g/dl, with 0.20 micro g/dl in males and 0.16 micro g/dl in females. No significant difference was detected between males and females saliva mercury levels. This study showed that a trace of mercury is detectable in saliva of people who have no amalgam fillings. Such information may be useful for relevant studies conducted in future

[Frequency of oral mucosal disease in referral patients to dental faculty of Tabriz in 2007]

Oral disease is a significant burden to all countries of the world. Since there is little know about this in Iran we decided to identify of oral mucosal disease in patients referred to Oral Medicine Center affiliated to Tabriz Dental School. A consecutive sample of admitted patients to OMC between April to June 2007 were included in this study. We employed a standard questionnaire in order to. Eight hundred two patients were completed the requested questionnaire. Seventy percent was female. The mean age of the study sample was 32.68 [SD=12.25] years. Approximately 70% of subjects had oral lesion,%19.2 had normal mucosa and%21.60 of patients had oral mucosal lesions that need to follow and control. The most common lesions were ankiloglossia [%29.7] then fissural tongue [%25.7] and coated tongue [%23.7]. Many patients attending the center were unaware of oral lesions in their soft oral tissue which needed to follow up. This emphasizes that examination of soft oral tissue should be considered by health policy makers in oral health agenda at national level